How to backup the home directory on the Linux Workstation

On the Linux workstation in ST&ITC, you can create backup of the home directory to your CD-R/RW using the cdbackup command.

How to create backup of the home directory (cdbackup)

Use procedure

log in to the Linux Workstation
check the current load state of the machine using the w command
```
% w
13:36:16  up 26 days,  4:17,  6 users,  load average: 0.04, 0.12, 0.09
USER     TTY      FROM              LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU  WHAT
ua000000 tty1     -                 8:09am  0.00s  2.40s  0.01s  w
```
There are 3 numbers on the top row labeled "load averages:". If these numbers are significantly higher (close to 1.0), there is a possibly that a high load process is running in the background. In this case, backup might fail.
insert CD-R/RW to the drive
execute the cdbackup command

※ You need to erase datas in advance, if you want to use CD-RW. ※ （「How to erase the data stored in the CD-RW」）。
```
% cdbackup
```
Normally, it takes few minutes to create backup.

Finally, the time was needed to write datas is displayed.

backup.burn - based on cdrecord
Cdrecord 2.0 (i686-pc-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 1995-2002 Jöòg Schilling
TOC Type: 1 = CD-ROM
scsidev: '0,0,0'
scsibus: 0 target: 0 lun: 0
Linux sg driver version: 3.1.24
Using libscg version 'schily-0.7'
Driveropts: 'burnfree'
atapi: 1
Device type    : Removable CD-ROM
Version        : 0
Response Format: 2
Capabilities   :
Vendor_info    : 'TSSTcorp'
Identifikation : 'CDW/DVD TS-H492B'
Revision       : 'IB00'
Device seems to be: Generic mmc2 DVD-ROM.
Using generic SCSI-3/mmc CD-R driver (mmc_cdr).
Driver flags   : MMC-3 SWABAUDIO BURNFREE
Supported modes: TAO PACKET SAO SAO/R96P SAO/R96R RAW/R16 RAW/R96P RAW/R96R
Drive buf size : 1957120 = 1911 KB
FIFO size      : 4194304 = 4096 KB
Track 01: data  unknown length
Total size:        0 MB (00:00.00) = 0 sectors
Lout start:        0 MB (00:02/00) = 0 sectors
Current Secsize: 2048
ATIP info from disk:
Indicated writing power: 2
Reference speed: 6
Is not unrestricted
Is erasable
Disk sub type: High speed Rewritable (CAV) media (1)
ATIP start of lead in:  -11077 (97:34/23)
ATIP start of lead out: 336075 (74:43/00)
1T speed low:  4 1T speed high: 10
2T speed low:  2 2T speed high: 10
power mult factor: 2 6
recommended erase/write power: 5
A1 values: 24 2C DC
A2 values: 14 A4 4A
Disk type:    Phase change
Manuf. index: 11
Manufacturer: Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
Starting to write CD/DVD at speed 4 in real TAO mode for single session.
Last chance to quit, starting real write    0 seconds. Operation starts.
Waiting for reader process to fill input buffer ... input buffer ready.
BURN-Free is OFF.
Turning BURN-Free on
Performing OPC...
Starting new track at sector: 0
Track 01:    5 MB written (fifo 100%) [buf 100%]   4.2x. 36.71% done, estimate finish Thu Jul  6 18:51:42 2006
Track 01:   15 MB written (fifo 100%) [buf 100%]   4.2x. 73.44% done, estimate finish Thu Jul  6 18:51:36 2006
Track 01:   22 MB written (fifo 100%) [buf 100%]   4.0x.Total translation table size: 0
Total rockridge attributes bytes: 159516
Total directory bytes: 356352
Path table size(bytes): 932
Max brk space used f5000
13632 extents written (26 Mb)
Track 01:   26 MB written (fifo 100%) [buf 100%]   4.0x.
Track 01: Total bytes read/written: 27918336/27918336 (13632 sectors).
Writing  time:   52.830s
Min drive buffer fill was 100%
Fixating...
Fixating time:   75.700s
BURN-Free was never needed.
backup.burn: fifo had 441 puts and 441 gets.
backup.burn: fifo was 0 times empty and 348 times full, min fill was 73%.

mount the CD-R/RW media using the mount command and check the contents, such as the ls command
```
% mount /mnt/cdrom
% cd /mnt/cdrom
% ls
```
When the check is finished, unmount using umount command. (If the current directory is under /mnt/cdrom, you can not umount.)
```
% cd
% umount /mnt/cdrom
```
eject the disk using the eject command (you must umount in advance) .
```
% eject
```

Reference: about countdown

If you type Ctrl and c while displaying the messeage below and counting down 10 seconds. you can stop cdbackup safety. In this case, nothing is written to the CD-R/RW. If you stop cdbackup after this timing, the data in the media might be broken.

Starting to write CD/DVD at speed 4 in real TAO mode for single session.
Last chance to quit, starting real write    9 seconds.

How to erase the data in the CD-RW

You need to erase the data in the CD-RW in advance, if you want to create backup to the CD-RW using the cdbackup command. In the ST&ITC Linux environment, you can use cdrw.clean command to erase the data in the CD-RW.

Use procedure

set the CD-RW to the drive
execute cdrw.clean command
```
% cdrw.clean
```
answer y at the following question (If you answer n, the program ends) .
```
Remove all data on CD-RW...
OK? (y/n) 

y
```

the following messeage will be displayed the same as cdbackup

backup.burn - based on cdrecord
Cdrecord 2.0 (i686-pc-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 1995-2002 J\x86r\x86qg Schilling
scsidev: '0,0,0'
scsibus: 0 target: 0 lun: 0
Linux sg driver version: 3.1.24
Using libscg version 'schily-0.7'
Device type    : Removable CD-ROM
Version        : 0
Response Format: 2
Capabilities   :
Vendor_info    : 'TSSTcorp'
Identifikation : 'CDW/DVD TS-H492B'
Revision       : 'IB00'
Device seems to be: Generic mmc2 DVD-ROM.
Using generic SCSI-3/mmc CD-R driver (mmc_cdr).
Driver flags   : MMC-3 SWABAUDIO BURNFREE
Supported modes: TAO PACKET SAO SAO/R96P SAO/R96R RAW/R16 RAW/R96P RAW/R96R
Starting to write CD/DVD at speed 10 in real BLANK mode for single session.
Last chance to quit, starting real write    0 seconds. Operation starts.

When the following messeage is displayed, the countdown starts. If you executed the cdrw.clean by mistake, then type Ctrl and c and cancel the command before the this number turns 0.
```
Starting to write CD/DVD at speed 10 in real BLANK mode \
for single session.
Last chance to quit, starting real write    9 seconds.
```
When the following messeage will be displayed, erasing the data starts. Normally, this takes few minutes.
```
Operation starts.
```

Caution

About CD-R/RW

If you wrote the data to the CD-R/RW using cdbackup, you can not rewrite to the media.
You need to clear the contents of the media before executing the cdbackup command, if the data has already been recorded on the CD-RW.

about the cdbackup command

The cdbackup command backup to the CD-R/RW each user's home directory automatically. It is not possible to take a backup of any other directory.
During the writing, the lamp of the CD-RW drive is blinking. You can not execute anything on the machine before the writing ends.
After the end of the backup, please be sure to confirm whether it is successful.

Last-Modified: September 22, 2014

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MENU

How to backup the home directory on the Linux Workstation

How to create backup of the home directory (cdbackup)

Use procedure

Reference: about countdown

How to erase the data in the CD-RW

Use procedure

Caution

About CD-R/RW

about the cdbackup command